It's that time of year when some people (mostly Americans) get their knickers in an uproar about people who say Happy Holidays rather than Merry Christmas.
I say cut the bullshit and the arrogance. Religious holidays in December do not belong to Christians alone.
There are many religions that have have holidays during December and there are more holidays for Christians than just Christmas. (see the list from Wikipedia at the end of this blog).
Plus there are hundreds of other religions in the world. (see the list from Wikipedia at the end of this blog).
Christmas, a tradition built on the Pagan Winter Solstice beliefs, has become a major commercial enterprise throughout the Western world. That does not negate that many still treat it as a religious holiday.
I have friends and acquaintances of many nationalities and religions. Because we live in the western world where Christmas is celebrated, regardless of their origins, they usually have time off from work and school. I find it appropriate to wish them well regardless of their religion. I have the concept that good wishes are always in order. I try to find the right language when I can. So I'll say:
- Happy Holidays to Brits
- Happy Chanukah to Jews
- Joyeux Noël to French
- Boldog Karácsonyt to Hungarians
- з Калядамі to Belrussians
- Bon nadal to Catalans
- Sretan Božić to Croatians
- Veselé Vánoce to Czechs
- Buon Natale to Italians
- Glædelig jul to Danes
- Fröhliche Weihnachten to Germans
- καλά Χριστούγεννα to Greeks
- Feliz Navidad to Spanards
- God Jul to Swedes
Dec. 5, Ashura, the 10th day of the first month on the Islamic calendar. Sunnis, the largest group of Muslims, remember that the Prophet Muhammad fasted in solidarity with Jews who were observing Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. Shiites recall the death of Muhammad’s grandson in battle, an event that led to their differences with the Sunnis.
Dec. 6, the feast of St. Nicholas. Some Christians revere the fourth-century bishop of Myra, a Greek province in Asia Minor. His reputation for piety may have inspired the legend of Santa Claus. The tradition of leaving gifts for children on St. Nicholas Day began in the Low Countries and spread to North America with Dutch immigrants.
Dec. 8, Bodhi Day. Buddhists recall that Siddhartha Gautama vowed to sit under a tree in what is now Bodhgaya, India, and not to rise until he was enlightened. The title Buddha means “awakened one.”
Roman Catholics observe this day as the feast of the Immaculate Conception, believing that Mary, the mother of Jesus, was born without sin.
Dec. 12, the feast of Our Lady of Guadalupe. Observed by Catholics, especially those of Hispanic descent, the story of Guadalupe recounts a 16th-century apparition of Mary to Juan Diego, a poor Indian, on a hillside near what is now Mexico City.
Dec. 20, the Jewish festival of Hanukkah begins at sunset on this date and continues for seven more nights. It is a remembrance of an effort to restore the Temple in Jerusalem after a period of desecration. Faithful Jews found only enough oil to light the temple lamp for one day, but the flame burned for eight.
Dec. 21, Yalda, the Zoroastrian celebration of the winter solstice.
Dec. 22, Yule or winter solstice, the shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere. Juul, a pre-Christian festival observed in Scandinavia, featured fires lit to symbolize the heat, light and life-giving properties of the returning sun. Wiccans and other pagan groups celebrate Yule.
Dec. 25, Christmas, observed by Christians since the Middle Ages as the birth of Jesus. Some Orthodox Christians follow a different calendar, and Christmas may fall on a different date.
Dec. 26, Zoroastrians observe the death of the prophet Zarathushtra, known in the West as Zoroaster. Tradition says he lived in what is now Iran in about 1200 B.C. His teachings include the idea of one eternal God; seven powerful creations: sky, water, earth, plants, animals, humans and fire; and that life is a struggle between good and evil.
Confucianism
Shinto
Shinto-inspired religions
- Church of World Messianity
- Happy Science
- Konkokyo
- Oomoto
- PL Kyodan
- Seicho-no-Ie
- Shinmeiaishinkai
- Tenrikyo
- Zenrinkyo
Taoism
- Way of the Five Pecks of Rice
- Way of the Celestial Masters
- Zhengyi Dao ("Way of the Right Oneness")
- Way of the Celestial Masters
- Shangqing School ("School of the Highest Clarity")
- Lingbao School ("School of the Numinous Treasure")
- Quanzhen School ("School of the Fulfilled Virtue")
- Wuliupai ("School of Wu-Liu")
- Yao Taoism (a.k.a. "Meishanism")
- Faism (a.k.a. "Redhead Taoism")
- Xuanxue (a.k.a. "Neo-Taoism")
Other
Chinese
- Benzhuism
- Chan Buddhism
- Chinese folk religion
- Chinese salvationist religions
- Falun Gong
- Miao folk religion
- Mohism
- Yiguandao
- Wang Hao-te
- Xiantiandao
- Yao folk religion
- Zhuang Shigongism
Korean
- Cheondoism
- Daejongism
- Daesun Jinrihoe
- Gasin faith
- Jeung San Do
- Korean shamanism
- Seon Buddhism
- Suwunism
- Won Buddhism
Manchu
Vietnamese
Indic religions
Religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent; namely Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism, and religions and traditions related to, and descended from them.
Nāstik (Heterodox Indian)
Buddhism
- Mahayana
- Tiantai
- Buddha-nature
- Chan Buddhism
- Madhyamaka
- East Asian Mādhyamaka (a.k.a. the "Three Treatise school")
- Jonang
- Prasaṅgika
- Svatantrika
- Nichiren Buddhism
- Pure Land Buddhism
- Yogācāra
- Nikaya Buddhism (incorrectly called "Hinayana" in the West)
- Humanistic Buddhism
- Theravada
- Sangharaj Nikaya (Bangladesh)
- Mahasthabir Nikaya (Bangladesh)
- Dwara Nikaya (Burma)
- Shwegyin Nikaya (Burma)
- Thudhamma Nikaya (Burma)
- Vipassana tradition of Mahasi Sayadaw and disciples
- Amarapura Nikaya (Sri Lanka)
- Ramañña Nikaya (Sri Lanka)
- Siam Nikaya (Sri Lanka)
- Dhammayuttika Nikaya (Thailand)
- Thai Forest Tradition
- Tradition of Ajahn Chah
- Thai Forest Tradition
- Maha Nikaya (Thailand)
- Vipassana movement
- Vajrayana
- Navayana (India; also called Neo-Buddhism or Ambedkarite Buddhism)
- Kirat Mundhum (Nepal)
New Buddhist movements
- Dalit Buddhist movement
- Shambhala Buddhism
- Diamond Way Buddhism
- Triratna Buddhist Community
- New Kadampa Tradition[8]
- Share International
- True Buddha School
- Hòa Hảo
Global variants of Buddhism
Charvaka (Historical)
Din-I Ilahi (Historical)
Hinduism
- Ayyavazhi
- Shaivism[9]
- Shaktism[9]
- Smartism
- Śrauta
- Tantrism
- Vaishnavism[9][10]
- Bhakti movements
- Neo-Vedanta
- Adi Dharm/Brahmoism
- Ananda Marga[13]
- Arya Samaj[14]
- Chinmaya Mission
- Hindutva
- Mahima Dharma
- Matua Mahasangha
- Ramakrishna Mission
- Satsang
- Satya Dharma
- Sri Aurobindo Ashram
- Scientology [15]
- Hindu philosophy major schools and movements
Jainism
Meivazhi
Sarnaism
Sikhism
- Akhand Kirtani Jatha
- Amritdhari (Khalsa)
- Damdami Taksal
- Mahant Sikh
- Mina (Mirharvan)
- Namdhari (Kuka)
- Nanakpanthi
- Nihang (Akali)
- Nirankari
- Nirmala
- Radha Soami
- Ramraiya
- Ravidassia
- Sanatan Sikh
- Sant Nirankari Mission
- Sahajdhari
- Sikh Dharma International (3HO)
- Udasi
Nepalese religions
- Bön (Tibet / Nepal)
- Kirat Mundhum
- Newar Buddhism
Middle Eastern religions
Religions that originated in the Middle East; namely Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and religions and traditions related to, and descended from them.
Bábism
Christianity
Eastern Christianity
- Church of the East (incorrectly[citation needed] called "Nestorianism")
- Eastern Catholic Churches
- Albanian Greek Catholic Church
- Belarusian Greek Catholic Church
- Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church
- Byzantine Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia
- Greek Byzantine Catholic Church
- Hungarian Byzantine Catholic Church
- Italo-Albanian Catholic Church (a.k.a. the "Italo-Greek Catholic Church")
- Macedonian Catholic Church
- Melkite Greek Catholic Church
- Romanian Catholic Church
- Russian Greek Catholic Church
- Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church (a.k.a. the "Byzantine Catholic Church" in the United States)
- Slovak Greek Catholic Church
- Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- Chaldean Catholic Church
- Syriac Catholic Church
- Maronite Church
- Syro-Malankara Catholic Church
- Syro-Malabar Catholic Church
- (Independent Eastern Catholic Churches)
- Eastern Orthodox Church (officially the "Orthodox Catholic Church")
- Greek Orthodox Church
- Serbian Orthodox Church
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Romanian Orthodox Church
- Bulgarian Orthodox Church
- Georgian Orthodox Church
- Albanian Orthodox Church
- Ukrainian Orthodox Church
- (Noncanonical/Independent Eastern Orthodox Churches)
- Greek Old Calendarists (a.k.a. "Genuine Orthodox" or "True Orthodox")
- Russian Old Believers (a.k.a. "Old Ritualists")
- Oriental Orthodox Churches (a.k.a. "Non-Chalcedonian" or "Miaphysite"/"Monophysite")
- Spiritual Christianity
Western Christianity
- Proto-Protestantism
- Brethren of the Free Spirit (Historical)
- Hussites (Historical)
- Strigolniki (Historical)
- Waldensians
- Protestantism
- Anabaptists (Radical Protestants)
- Anglicanism
- Baptists
- Black church
- Christian deism
- Confessing Movement
- Evangelicalism
- Jesuism
- Lollardy (Historical)
- Lutheranism
- Methodism
- Pentecostalism
- Quakers ("Friends")
- Reformed churches
- Restoration movement
- Adventism
- Christadelphians
- Christian Science
- Churches of Christ
- Iglesia ni Cristo
- Bible Student movement
- Latter Day Saint movement
- Millerism (Historical)
- Stone-Campbell movement (a.k.a. "Campbellites")
- Swedenborgianism (a.k.a. "The New Church")
- Unitarianism
- Roman Catholic Church/Latin Church (a.k.a. "Roman Catholicism" or "Catholicism")
Other
Certain Christian groups are difficult to classify as "Eastern" or "Western." Many Gnostic groups were closely related to early Christianity, for example, Valentinism. Irenaeus wrote polemics against them from the standpoint of the then-unified Catholic Church.[18]
- Arianism (Historical)
- Bagnolians (Historical)
- Bogomilism (Historical)
- Bosnian Church (Historical)
- Catharism (Historical)
- Cerdonians (Historical)
- Esoteric Christianity
- Christian Universalism
- Christopaganism
- Eastern Lightning
- Ecclesia Gnostica
- Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica
- God Worshipping Society (Historical)
- Judaizers (Judeo-Christian)
- Nondenominational Christianity
- Nontrinitarianism
- Marcionism (Historical)
- Unification Church (Family Federation for World Peace and Unification)
- Reformed Eastern Christianity
- Sethianism (Historical)
- Basilideans (Historical)
- Valentinianism (Historical)
- Bardesanite School (Historical)
- Simonians (Historical)
- Theosophy
Druze
Islam
Khawarij
- Azraqi (Historical)
- Haruriyyah (Historical)
- Ibadi
- Sufri (Historical)
Shia Islam
- Isma'ilism
- Twelver
- Zaidiyyah
- Khurramites (Historical)
Sufism
- Bektashi Order
- Chishti Order
- Mevlevi Order
- Naqshbandi
- Kubrawiya
- Ni'matullāhī
- Qadiriyya
- Shadhili
- Suhrawardiyya
- Sufi Order International
- Tijaniyyah
- Universal Sufism
Sunni Islam
Other
- Ahmadiyya
- Al-Fatiha Foundation
- Ali-Illahism
- Black Muslims
- Din-i Ilahi
- European Islam
- Ittifaq al-Muslimin
- Jadid
- Jamaat al Muslimeen
- Liberal movements within Islam
- Mahdavia
- Mahdist State
- Quranism
- Riaz Ahmed Gohar Shahi
- Xidaotang
Judaism
Haymanot
Karaite Judaism
Kabbalah
Noahidism
Rabbinic Judaism
- Conservative Judaism (a.k.a. Masorti Judaism)
- Humanistic Judaism
- Jewish Renewal
- Orthodox Judaism
- Reconstructionist Judaism
- Reform Judaism
Samaritans
Subbotniks
Historical Judaism
- Essenes
- Pharisees (ancestor of Rabbinic Judaism) (Historical)
- Sadducees (possible ancestor of Karaite Judaism) (Historical)
- Zealots (Judea)
- Messianic sects
- Sabbateans
- Second Temple Judaism
- Frankism
Mandaeism
Manichaeism
Rastafari
Black Hebrew Israelites
- African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem
- Church of God and Saints of Christ
- Commandment Keepers
- Nation of Yahweh
- One West Camp
Shabakism
Yazdânism
Zoroastrianism
- Behafaridians (Historical)
- Mazdakism (Historical)
- Zurvanism (Historical)
Indigenous (ethnic, folk) religions
Religions that consist of the traditional customs and beliefs of particular ethnic groups, refined and expanded upon for thousands of years, often lacking formal doctrine.
Note: Some adherents do not consider their ways to be "religion," preferring other cultural terms.
African
Traditional African
- Akan religion
- Akamba religion
- Baluba mythology
- Bantu mythology
- Berber religion
- Bushongo mythology
- Dinka religion
- Efik mythology
- Fon and Ewe religion
- Igbo religion
- Ik religion
- Lotuko mythology
- Lozi mythology
- Lugbara mythology
- Maasai mythology
- Mbuti mythology
- San religion
- Serer religion
- Tumbuka mythology
- Urhobo people
- Waaq
- Yoruba religion
Diasporic African
- Abakuá
- Candomblé
- Comfa
- Convince
- Cuban Vodú
- Dominican Vudú
- Espiritismo
- Haitian Vodou
- Hoodoo
- Jamaican Maroon religion
- Kélé
- Kumina
- Louisiana Voodoo
- Montamentu
- Myal
- Obeah
- Palo
- Quimbanda
- Santería
- Tambor de Mina
- Trinidad Orisha
- Umbanda
- Winti
Altaic
American
- Abenaki mythology
- Anishinaabe traditional beliefs
- Blackfoot mythology
- Californian religions
- Cherokee mythology
- Chilote mythology
- Choctaw mythology
- Creek mythology
- Guarani mythology
- Haida mythology
- Ho-Chunk mythology
- Hopi mythology
- Inca mythology
- Iroquois mythology
- Jivaroan religion
- Kwakwakaʼwakw mythology
- Lakota mythology
- Lenape mythology
- Mapuche religion
- Mesoamerican religion
- Midewiwin
- Muisca religion
- Navajo religion
- Nuu-chah-nulth mythology
- Pawnee mythology
- Powhatan religion
- Tsimshian mythology
- Ute mythology
- Zuni mythology
Austroasiatic
Austronesian
- Batak Parmalim
- Dayak religion
- Javanese Kejawèn
- Karo Pemena
- Malaysian folk religion
- Philippine Dayawism
- Polynesian mythology
- Sumbese Marapu
- Sundanese Wiwitan
Chinese
- Chinese ritual mastery traditions
- Chinese salvationist religions
- Luoism
- Nuo folk religion
- Yao folk religion
European
Uralic (Eurasian)
Japanese
Korean
Tai and Miao
Tibeto-Burmese
- Bon
- Burmese folk religion
- Benzhuism
- Bimoism
- Bathouism
- Bongthingism
- Donyi-Polo
- Heraka
- Kiratism
- Qiang folk religion
- Sanamahism
Other Indigenous
- Australian Aboriginal religion and mythology
- Circassian (Adyghe Habze)
- Dravidian folk religion
- Inuit religion
- Ossetian
- Papuan mythology
- Siberian shamanism
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